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Minerals are non-organic substances that don't fall into the category of
plant or animal, but that come from the soil. There are 16 minerals
that the human body needs in order to function properly. Most of
these are easily found in common foods. Sea salt, shown at right,
contains many trace minerals which are commonly found in sea water.
- Calcium. This mineral builds strong bones and teeth, and is
vital to muscle and nerve function. It can be found in milk tofu,
sardines and salmon, and dark green vegetables.
- Magnesium. This stimulates bone growth and is necessary for
muscle function and metabolism. It can be found in leafy green
vegetables, legumes, whole-grain cereals and breads, meats, poultry,
fish, and eggs.
- Phosphorus. This mineral maintains strong bones and
teeth. It can be found in meat, poultry, fish, egg yolks, legumes,
dairy products, and soft drinks.
- Chromium. This mineral works with insulin to metabolize
glucose. It can be found in brewer's yeast, whole-grain products,
liver, cheese, and beer.
- Copper. This mineral promotes iron absorption, and is essential
to red blood cells, connective tissues, nerve fibers, and skin
pigment. It can be found in liver, shellfish, legumes, nuts, and
prunes.
- Fluoride. This mineral helps maintain strong bones and
teeth. It can be found in fluoridated water and tea.
- Iodine. This is necessary to make thyroid hormones, and can be
found in iodized salt, seafood, and foods grown in iodide-rich soil.
- Iron. This mineral is needed for the transport and storage of
oxygen. It can be found in liver, meat, seafood, legumes, and
fortified cereals.
- Manganese. This mineral is necessary to make bones and tendons,
and can be found in coffee, tea, nuts, legumes, and bran.
- Molybdenum. This mineral is needed for metabolism, and is
instrumental in iron storage. It can be found in liver and organ
meats, dark leafy green vegetables, and whole-grain products.
- Selenium. This is an antioxidant that works with vitamin E to
protect cell membranes from oxidative damage. It can be found in
poultry, seafood, organ meats, whole grain products, onions, garlic, and
mushrooms.
- Sulfur. This mineral is a component of two essential amino
acids, and can be found in protein foods.
- Zinc. This mineral is necessary for growth and reproduction,
and can be found in oysters, meat, yogurt, and fortified cereals.
- Chloride. This mineral maintains proper body chemistry and is
used to make digestive juices. This can be found in table salt,
seafood, milk, eggs, and meat.
- Potassium. This mineral maintains fluid balance, and promotes
metabolism and muscle functions. It can be found in avocados,
bananas, citrus and dried fruits, legumes, and whole-grain products.
- Sodium. This regulates the body's fluid balance and promotes
proper muscle function. It can be found in table salt, dairy
products, seafood, seasonings, and most processed foods.
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Minerals
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